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Introduction: xxxi Licensing xxxii Who This Book Is For xxxiii Those Wanting to Become Intermediate or Advanced Users xxxiii Sysadmins, Programmers, and DevOps xxxiv What This Book Contains xxv Conventions Used in This Book xxv
Part I: Getting Started
1: Installing Ubuntu and Post-Installation Configuration 1 Before You Begin the Installation 1 Researching Your Hardware Specifications 2 Installation Options 2 32-Bit vs. 64-Bit Ubuntu 4 Planning Partition Strategies 5 The Boot Loader 5 Installing from DVD or USB Drive 6 Step-by-Step Installation 6 Installing 7 First Update 12 Shutting Down 12 Finding Programs and Files 13 Software Updater 14 The sudo Command 17 Configuring Software Repositories 18 System Settings 20 Detecting and Configuring a Printer 21 Configuring Power Management in Ubuntu 21 Setting the Time and Date 22 Configuring Wireless Networks 24 Troubleshooting Post-Installation Configuration Problems 25 References 26
2: Background Information and Resources 27 What Is Linux? 27 Why Use Linux? 29 What Is Ubuntu? 31 Ubuntu for Business 32 Ubuntu in Your Home 33 Getting the Most from Ubuntu and Linux Documentation 33 Ubuntu Developers and Documentation 35 Websites and Search Engines 35 Web Search Tips 35 Google Is Your Friend 36 Ubuntu Package Listings 36 Commercial Support 36 Documentation 37 Linux Guides 37 Ubuntu 38 Mailing Lists 39 Ubuntu Project Mailing Lists 39 Internet Relay Chat 40
Part II: Desktop Ubuntu
3: Working with Unity 41 Foundations and the X Server 41 Basic X Concepts 42 Using X 43 Elements of the xorg.conf File 44 Starting X 49 Using a Display Manager 50 Changing Window Managers 50 Using Unity, a Primer 51 The Desktop 51 Customizing and Configuring Unity 56 Power Shortcuts 58 References 59
4: On the Internet 61 Getting Started with Firefox 61 Checking Out Google Chrome and Chromium 63 Choosing an Email Client 65 Mozilla Thunderbird 65 Evolution 66 Other Mail Clients 67 RSS Readers 67 Firefox 67 Liferea 68 Instant Messaging and Video Conferencing with Empathy 68 Internet Relay Chat 69 Usenet Newsgroups 72 References 73
5: Productivity Applications 75 Introducing LibreOffice 77 Other Office Suites for Ubuntu 79 Working with GNOME Office 79 Working with KOffice 80 Other Useful Productivity Software 81 Working with PDF 81 Working with XML and DocBook 81 Working with LaTeX 82 Productivity Applications Written for Microsoft Windows 83 References 84
6: Multimedia Applications 85 Sound and Music 85 Sound Cards 86 Adjusting Volume 87 Sound Formats 88 Listening to Music 89 Graphics Manipulation 91 The GNU Image Manipulation Program 93 Using Scanners in Ubuntu 94 Working with Graphics Formats 95 Capturing Screen Images 96 Other Graphics Manipulation Options 97 Using Digital Cameras with Ubuntu 97 Handheld Digital Cameras 98 Using Shotwell Photo Manager 98 Burning CDs and DVDs in Ubuntu 99 Creating CDs and DVDs with Brasero 99 Creating CDs from the Command Line 99 Creating DVDs from the Command Line 101 Viewing Video 103 TV and Video Hardware 104 Video Formats 105 Viewing Video in Linux 105 Personal Video Recorders 107 Video Editing 107 References 108
7: Other Ubuntu Interfaces 109 Desktop Environment 110 KDE and Kubuntu 111 Xfce and Xubuntu 112 LXDE and Lubuntu 113 GNOME3 and Ubuntu GNOME 114 MATE and Ubuntu MATE 115 Ubuntu Kylin 116 References 116
8: Games 119 Ubuntu Gaming 119 Installing Proprietary Video Drivers 120 Installing Games in Ubuntu 120 Warsow 121 Scorched 3D 121 Frozen Bubble 123 SuperTux 123 Battle for Wesnoth 124 Frets on Fire 124 FlightGear 126 Speed Dreams 126 Games for Kids 126 Commercial Games 126 Steam 127 Playing Windows Games 128 References 128
Part III: System Administration
9: Managing Software 131 Ubuntu Software Center 131 Using Synaptic for Software Management 132 Staying Up-to-Date 134 Working on the Command Line 135 Day-to-Day Usage 136 Finding Software 139 Compiling Software from Source 140 Compiling from a Tarball 140 Compiling from Source from the Ubuntu Repositories 141 Configuration Management 142 dotdee 143 OneConf 143 Snappy Ubuntu Core 143 References 144
10: Command-Line Quickstart 145 What Is the Command Line? 146 Accessing the Command Line 147 Text-Based Console Login 148 Logging Out 149 Logging In and Out from a Remote Computer 149 User Accounts 150 Reading Documentation 152 Using Man Pages 152 Using apropros 152 Using whereis 153 Understanding the Linux File System Hierarchy 153 Essential Commands in /bin and /sbin 154 Configuration Files in /etc 155 User Directories: /home 155 Using the Contents of the /proc Directory to Interact with the Kernel 156 Working with Shared Data in the /usr Directory 157 Temporary File Storage in the /tmp Directory 158 Accessing Variable Data Files in the /var Directory 158 Navigating the Linux File System 158 Listing the Contents of a Directory with ls 158 Changing Directories with cd 160 Finding Your Current Directory with pwd 161 Working with Permissions 161 Assigning Permissions 162 Directory Permissions 163 Altering File Permissions with chmod 164 File Permissions with chgrp 165 Changing File Permissions with chown 165 Understanding Set User ID and Set Group ID Permissions 165 Working with Files 167 Creating a File with touch 167 Creating a Directory with mkdir 167 Deleting a Directory with rmdir 168 Deleting a File or Directory with rm 169 Moving or Renaming a File with mv 169 Copying a File with cp 170 Displaying the Contents of a File with cat 171 Displaying the Contents of a File with less 171 Using Wildcards and Regular Expressions 171 Working as Root 172 Understanding and Fixing sudo 172 Creating Users 175 Deleting Users 176 Shutting Down the System 176 Rebooting the System 177 Commonly Used Commands and Programs 178 References 178
11: Command-Line Master Class 179 Why Use the Command Line? 180 Using Basic Commands 181 Printing the Contents of a File with cat 183 Changing Directories with cd 183 Changing File Access Permissions with chmod 185 Copying Files with cp 186 Printing Disk Usage with du 186 Finding Files by Searching with find 187 Searches for a String in Input with grep 189 Paging Through Output with less 190 Creating Links Between Files with ln 192 Finding Files from an Index with locate 194 Listing Files in the Current Directory with ls 194 Reading Manual Pages with man 196 Making Directories with mkdir 197 Moving Files with mv 197 Deleting Files and Directories with rm 198 Sorting the Contents of a File with sort 198 Printing the Last Lines of a File with tail 200 Using echo 201 Printing the Location of a Command with which 202 Redirecting Output and Input 202 stdin, stdout, stderr, and Redirection 203 Comparing Files 204 Finding Differences in Files with diff 204 Finding Similarities in Files with comm 205 Limiting Resource Use and Job Control 205 Listing Processes with ps 206 Listing Jobs with jobs 207 Running One or More Tasks in the Background 207 Moving Jobs to the Background or Foreground with bg and fg 208 Printing Resource Usage with top 209 Setting Processes Priority with nice 211 Combining Commands 212 Pipes 212 Combining Commands with Boolean Operators 214 Running Separate Commands in Sequence 214 Using Environment Variables 215 Using Common Text Editors 218 Working with nano 219 Working with vi 220 Working with emacs 221 Working with sed and awk 222 Working with Compressed Files 224 Using Multiple Terminals with byobu 225 Polite System Reset Using REISUB 226 Tips and Tricks 227 Running the Previous Command 227 Running Any Previous Command 228 Running a Previous Command That Started with Specific Letters 228 Running the Same Thing You Just Ran with a Different First Word 228 Viewing Your History and More 228 Do Two or More Things 229 Shortcuts 229 Coreutils 229 References 230
12: Managing Users 231 User Accounts 231 The Super User/Root User 232 User IDs and Group IDs 234 File Permissions 234 Managing Groups 235 Group Listing 235 Group Management Tools 237 Managing Users 238 User Management Tools 238 Adding Ne