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Foreword xv Preface xvii Acknowledgments xxi About the Authors xxiii
PART I: INTRODUCTION 1
Chapter 1: What Is the Point of Test-Driven Development? 3 Software Development as a Learning Process 3 Feedback Is the Fundamental Tool 4 Practices That Support Change 5 Test-Driven Development in a Nutshell 6 The Bigger Picture 7 Testing End-to-End 8 Levels of Testing 9 External and Internal Quality 10
Chapter 2: Test-Driven Development with Objects 13 A Web of Objects 13 Values and Objects 13 Follow the Messages 14 Tell, Don''t Ask 17 But Sometimes Ask 17 Unit-Testing the Collaborating Objects 18 Support for TDD with Mock 19
Chapter 3: An Introduction to the Tools 21 Stop Me If You''ve Heard This One Before 21 A Minimal Introduction to JUnit 4 21 Hamcrest Matchers and assertThat() 24 jMock2: Mock Objects 25
PART II: THE PROCESS OF TEST-DRIVEN DEVELOPMENT 29
Chapter 4: Kick-Starting the Test-Driven Cycle 31 Introduction 31 First, Test a Walking Skeleton 32 Deciding the Shape of the Walking Skeleton 33 Build Sources of Feedback 35 Expose Uncertainty Early 36
Chapter 5: Maintaining the Test-Driven Cycle 39 Introduction 39 Start Each Feature with an Acceptance Test 39 Separate Tests That Measure Progress from Those That Catch Regressions 40 Start Testing with the Simplest Success Case 41 Write the Test That You''d Want to Read 42 Watch the Test Fail 42 Develop from the Inputs to the Outputs 43 Unit-Test Behavior, Not Methods 43 Listen to the Tests 44 Tuning the Cycle 45
Chapter 6: Object-Oriented Style 47 Introduction 47 Designing for Maintainability 47 Internals vs. Peers 50 No And''s, Or''s, or But''s 51 Object Peer Stereotypes 52 Composite Simpler Than the Sum of Its Parts 53 Context Independence 54 Hiding the Right Information 55 An Opinionated View 56
Chapter 7: Achieving Object-Oriented Design 57 How Writing a Test First Helps the Design 57 Communication over Classification 58 Value Types 59 Where Do Objects Come From? 60 Identify Relationships with Interfaces 63 Refactor Interfaces Too 63 Compose Objects to Describe System Behavior 64 Building Up to Higher-Level Programming 65 And What about Classes? 67
Chapter 8: Building on Third-Party Code 69 Introduction 69 Only Mock Types That You Own 69 Mock Application Objects in Integration Tests 71
PART III: A WORKED EXAMPLE 73
Chapter 9: Commissioning an Auction Sniper 75 To Begin at the Beginning 75 Communicating with an Auction 78 Getting There Safely 79 This Isn''t Real 81
Chapter 10: The Walking Skeleton 83 Get the Skeleton out of the Closet 83 Our Very First Test 84 Some Initial Choices 86
Chapter 11: Passing the First Test 89 Building the Test Rig 89 Failing and Passing the Test 95 The Necessary Minimum 102
Chapter 12: Getting Ready to Bid 105 An Introduction to the Market 105 A Test for Bidding 106 The AuctionMessageTranslator 112 Unpacking a Price Message 118 Finish the Job 121
Chapter 13: The Sniper Makes a Bid 123 Introducing AuctionSniper 123 Sending a Bid 126 Tidying Up the Implementation 131 Defer Decisions 136 Emergent Design 137
Chapter 14: The Sniper Wins the Auction 139 First, a Failing Test 139 Who Knows about Bidders? 140 The Sniper Has More to Say 143 The Sniper Acquires Some State 144 The Sniper Wins 146 Making Steady Progress 148
Chapter 15: Towards a Real User Interface 149 A More Realistic Implementation 149 Displaying Price Details 152 Simplifying Sniper Events 159 Follow Through 164 Final Polish 168 Observations 171
Chapter 16: Sniping for Multiple Items