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List of Contributors xiii 1 Materials for Polymer Nanocomposites 1 Jiji Abraham, Soney C. George, Rene Muller, Nandakumar Kalarikkal, and Sabu Thomas
1.1 Introduction, 1
1.3 Recent Developments and Opportunities in the Area of Polymer Nanocomposites, 16
1.4 Challenges in the Area of Polymer Nanocomposites, 17
1.5 Relationships of Macroscopic Rheological Properties to Nanoscale Structural Variables, 18
1.6 Conclusion, 19 Acknowledgments, 20 References, 20 2 Manufacturing Polymer Nanocomposites 29 Yuvaraj Haldorai and Jae-Jin Shim
2.1 Introduction, 29
2.2 Nanofillers, 30
2.3 Polymer Matrices, 36
2.4 Preparation of Nanocomposites, 37
2.5 Characterization, 58
2.6 Conclusions, 60 References, 61 3 Rheology and Processing of Polymer Nanocomposites: Theory, Practice, and New Challenges 69 Jean-Charles Majesté
3.1 Introduction, 69
3.2 Viscoelasticity of Nanocomposites, 72
3.3 Flow Properties of Nanocomposites, 92
3.4 Theory and Modeling of Nanocomposites Rheology, 103
3.5 Processing of Nanocomposites, 119
3.6 Conclusion and Futures Challenges, 125 Acknowledgments, 127 References, 127 4 Mixing of Polymers Using the Elongational Flow Mixer (RMX®) 135 Rigoberto Ibarra-Gómez and René Muller
4.1 Introduction, 135
4.2 Polymer Blends, 136
4.3 Polymer Nanocomposites, 147
4.4 Elongational Flow Mixer (RMX®), 151
4.5 RMX® Mixing of Polymer Blends, 158
4.6 Mixing of Polymer Nanocomposites, 173
4.7 Concluding Remarks, 182 References, 182 5 Rheology and Processing of Polymer/Layered Silicate Nanocomposites 187 Masami Okamoto
5.1 Introduction, 187
5.2 Nanostructure Development, 189
5.3 Novel Compounding Methods for Delamination of OMLFs, 199
5.4 Nanostructure and Rheological Properties, 202
5.5 Nanocomposite Foams, 222
5.6 Future Prospects, 230 References, 230 6 Processing and Rheological Behaviors of CNT/Polymer Nanocomposites 235 Mohan Raja, Modigunta Jeevan Kumar Reddy, Kwang Ho Won, Jae Ik Kim, Sang Hun Cha, Han Na Bae, Dae Hyeon Song, Sung Hun Ryu, and Andikkadu Masilamani Shanmugharaj
6.1 Introduction, 235
6.2 Processing Techniques of Polymer/CNT Nanocomposites, 237
6.3 Rheological Properties of Polymer/Carbon Nanotube Composites, 254
6.4 Summary, 274 Acknowledgment, 274 References, 274 7 Unusual Phase Separation in PS Rich Blends with PVME in Presence of MWNTs 279 Priti Xavier and Suryasarathi Bose
7.1 Introduction, 279
7.2 Experimental Methods, 280
7.3 Theory Background, 281
7.4 Results and Discussion, 284
7.5 Conclusions, 291 Acknowledgements, 291 References, 291 8 Rheology and Processing of Polymer/POSS Nanocomposites 293 Krzysztof Pielichowski, Tomasz M. Majka, and Konstantinos N. Raftopoulos
8.1 Introduction, 293
8.2 Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxanes, 296
8.3 Processing of Polymer/POSS Nanocomposites, 299
8.4 Rheological Behavior of POSS-Based Polymer Nanocomposites, 314
8.5 Conclusions, 318 Acknowledgments, 320 References, 320 9 Polymer and Composite Nanofiber: Electrospinning Parameters and Rheology Properties 329 Palaniswamy Suresh Kumar, Sundaramurthy Jayaraman, and Gurdev Singh
9.1 Introduction, 329
9.2 Electrospinning, 331
9.3 Electrospinning Process Parameters, 333
9.4 Polymer-Based Nanofiber and its Rheology, 337
9.5 Nanofiber and its Polymer Composites, 348
9.6 Conclusion, 351 References, 351 10 Rheology and Processing of Inorganic Nanomaterials and Quantum Dots/Polymer Nanocomposites 355 Sneha Mohan, Jiji Abraham, Oluwatobi S. Oluwafemi, Nandakumar Kalarikkal, and Sabu Thomas
10.1 Inorganic Nanoparticle Filled Polymer Nanocomposites, 356
10.2 Fabrication of Inorganic Nanoparticle Filled Polymer Nanocomposites, 356
10.3 Why Rheological Study is Important for Polymer Nanocomposites, 357
10.4 Rheology of Quantum Dot Based Polymer Nanocomposites, 359
10.5 Metal Oxide Nanoparticle-Based Polymer Nanocomposites, 366
10.6 Conclusion, 379 References, 379 11 Rheology and Processing of Laponite/Polymer Nanocomposites 383 Huili Li, Wenchen Ren, Jinlong Zhu, Shimei Xu, and Jide Wang
11.1 Introduction, 383
11.2 Rheology, 384
11.3 Processing, 388
11.4 Conclusions and Outlook, 399 Acknowledgement, 400 References, 400 12 Graphene-Based Nanocomposites: Mechanical, Thermal, Electrical, and Rheological Properties 405 Rachid Bouhfid, Hamid Essabir, and Abou el kacem Qaiss
12.1 Introduction, 405
12.2 Graphene, 407
12.3 The Use of Graphene in Nanocomposite Materials, 408
12.4 Nanocomposite Characterization, 412
12.5 Conclusion, 425
12.6 Future Perspective, 425 References, 426 13 Processing, Rheology, and Electrical Properties of Polymer/Nanocarbon Black Composites 431 Luís C. Costa and Manuel P. Graça
13.1 Introduction, 431
13.2 Experimental, 435
13.3 Electrical Properties of Carbon Black Composites and Applications, 437
13.4 Conclusion, 447 References, 447 14 Rheology and Processing of Nanocellulose, Nanochitin, and Nanostarch/Polymer Bionanocomposites 453 Carmen-Alice Teaca and Ruxanda Bodirlau
14.1 Introduction, 453
14.2 Biopolymers as Nanofillers for Polymer/Nanocomposites, 455
14.3 Potential Applications of Polysaccharide Nanofillers/Polymer Nanocomposites, 478
14.4 Conclusions and Future Perspectives, 481 References, 482 15 Rheology and Processing of Nanoparticle Filled Polymer Blend Nanocomposites 491 Chongwen Huang and Wei Yu
15.1 Rheology of Polymer Blends, 491
15.2 Effect of Nanoparticles on the Morphology of Polymer Blend, 509
15.3 Rheology of Nanoparticles Filled Polymer Blend, 531
15.4 Summary, 540 References, 541 16 Rheology as a Tool for Studying In Situ Polymerized Carbon Nanotube Nanocomposites 551 Guo-Hua Hu, Philippe Marchal, Sandrine Hoppe, and Christian Penu
16.1 Introduction, 551
16.2 Basic Principles of Rheokinetics, 552
16.3 Rheokinetics of In Situ Polymerization of Carbon Nanotube/Monomer Systems, 560
16.4 Rheological Percolation Threshold of Carbon Nanotube-Based Nanocomposites, 567
16.5 Concluding Remarks, 581 References, 581 Index 587