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Nigel J. Dimmock, Andrew J. Easton og Keith N. Leppard
(2015)
John Wiley & Sons
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Introduction to Modern Virology Vital Source e-bog
Nigel J. Dimmock, Andrew J. Easton og Keith N. Leppard
(2015)
John Wiley & Sons
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Introduction to Modern Virology
Nigel J. Dimmock, Andrew J. Easton og Keith N. Leppard
(2016)
Sprog: Engelsk
John Wiley & Sons, Limited
756,00 kr.
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Detaljer om varen
- 7. Udgave
- Vital Source searchable e-book (Reflowable pages)
- Udgiver: John Wiley & Sons (December 2015)
- Forfattere: Nigel J. Dimmock, Andrew J. Easton og Keith N. Leppard
- ISBN: 9781119094524
Praised forits clarity of presentation and accessibility, Introduction to Modern Virology has been a successful student text for over 30 years. It provides a broad introduction to virology, which includes the nature of viruses, the interaction of viruses with their hosts and the consequences of those interactions that lead to the diseases we see. This new edition contains a number of important changes and innovations including: The consideration of immunology now covers two chapters, one on innate immunity and the other on adaptive immunity, reflecting the explosion in knowledge of viral interactions with these systems. The coverage of vaccines and antivirals has been expanded and separated into two new chapters to reflect the importance of these approaches to prevention and treatment. Virus infections in humans are considered in more detail with new chapters on viral hepatitis, influenza, vector-borne diseases, and exotic and emerging viral infections, complementing an updated chapter on HIV. The final section includes three new chapters on the broader aspects of the influence of viruses on our lives, focussing on the economic impact of virus infections, the ways we can use viruses in clinical and other spheres, and the impact that viruses have on the planet and almost every aspect of our lives. A good basic understanding of viruses is important for generalists and specialists alike. The aim of this book is to make such understanding as accessible as possible, allowing students across the biosciences spectrum to improve their knowledge of these fascinating entities.
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Detaljer om varen
- 7. Udgave
- Vital Source 120 day rentals (dynamic pages)
- Udgiver: John Wiley & Sons (December 2015)
- Forfattere: Nigel J. Dimmock, Andrew J. Easton og Keith N. Leppard
- ISBN: 9781119094524R120
Praised forits clarity of presentation and accessibility, Introduction to Modern Virology has been a successful student text for over 30 years. It provides a broad introduction to virology, which includes the nature of viruses, the interaction of viruses with their hosts and the consequences of those interactions that lead to the diseases we see. This new edition contains a number of important changes and innovations including: The consideration of immunology now covers two chapters, one on innate immunity and the other on adaptive immunity, reflecting the explosion in knowledge of viral interactions with these systems. The coverage of vaccines and antivirals has been expanded and separated into two new chapters to reflect the importance of these approaches to prevention and treatment. Virus infections in humans are considered in more detail with new chapters on viral hepatitis, influenza, vector-borne diseases, and exotic and emerging viral infections, complementing an updated chapter on HIV. The final section includes three new chapters on the broader aspects of the influence of viruses on our lives, focussing on the economic impact of virus infections, the ways we can use viruses in clinical and other spheres, and the impact that viruses have on the planet and almost every aspect of our lives. A good basic understanding of viruses is important for generalists and specialists alike. The aim of this book is to make such understanding as accessible as possible, allowing students across the biosciences spectrum to improve their knowledge of these fascinating entities.
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Bookshelf online: 120 dage fra købsdato.
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Udgiveren oplyser at følgende begrænsninger er gældende for dette produkt:
Print: 10 sider kan printes ad gangen
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Bookshelf online: 120 dage fra købsdato.
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Print: 10 sider kan printes ad gangen
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Detaljer om varen
- 7. Udgave
- Paperback: 544 sider
- Udgiver: John Wiley & Sons, Limited (Marts 2016)
- Forfattere: Nigel J. Dimmock, Andrew J. Easton og Keith N. Leppard
- ISBN: 9781119978107
Praised forits clarity of presentation and accessibility, Introduction to Modern Virology has been a successful student text for over 30 years. It provides a broad introduction to virology, which includes the nature of viruses, the interaction of viruses with their hosts and the consequences of those interactions that lead to the diseases we see. This new edition contains a number of important changes and innovations including:
- The consideration of immunology now covers two chapters, one on innate immunity and the other on adaptive immunity, reflecting the explosion in knowledge of viral interactions with these systems.
- The coverage of vaccines and antivirals has been expanded and separated into two new chapters to reflect the importance of these approaches to prevention and treatment.
- Virus infections in humans are considered in more detail with new chapters on viral hepatitis, influenza, vector-borne diseases, and exotic and emerging viral infections, complementing an updated chapter on HIV.
- The final section includes three new chapters on the broader aspects of the influence of viruses on our lives, focussing on the economic impact of virus infections, the ways we can use viruses in clinical and other spheres, and the impact that viruses have on the planet and almost every aspect of our lives.
A good basic understanding of viruses is important for generalists and specialists alike. The aim of this book is to make such understanding as accessible as possible, allowing students across the biosciences spectrum to improve their knowledge of these fascinating entities.
Preface xvii About the companion website xix
Part I The Nature of Viruses 1
Chapter 1 Towards a definition of a virus 3
1.1 Discovery of viruses 4
1.2 Multiplication of viruses 5
1.3 The virus multiplication cycle 6
1.4 Viruses can be defined in chemical terms 7
1.5 Multiplication of bacterial and animal viruses is fundamentally similar 10
1.6 Viruses can be manipulated genetically 11
1.7 Properties of viruses 11
1.8 Origin of viruses 12 Key points 12 Further reading 12
Chapter 2 The structure of virus particles 13
2.1 Virus particles are constructed from subunits 13
2.2 The structure of filamentous viruses and nucleoproteins 14
2.3 The structure is of isometric virus particles 15
2.4 Enveloped (membrane-bound) virus particles 24
2.5 Virus particles with head-tail morphology 27
2.6 Frequency of occurrence of different virus particle morphologies 28
2.7 Principles of disassemply: virus particles are metastable 28 Key points 29 Further reading 29
Chapter 3 Classification of viruses 30
3.1 Classification on the basis of disease 30
3.2 Classification on the basis of host organism 31
3.3 Classification on the basis of virus particle morphology 31
3.4 Classification on the basis of viral nucleic acids 32
3.5 Classification on the basis of taxonomy 34
3.6 Satellites, viroids and prions 35 Key points 37 Further reading 38
Chapter 4 The evolution of viruses 39
4.1 Mechanisms of virus evolution 40
4.2 The potential for rapid evolution: mutation and quasispecies 40
4.3 Rapid evolution: recombination 43
4.4 Rapid evolution: reassortment 43
4.5 Evolution to find a host, and subsequent co-evolution with the host 46 Key points 51 Questions 51 Further reading 51
Chapter 5 Techniques for studying viruses 52
5.1 Culturing wild virus isolates 52
5.2 Enumeration of viruses 54
5.3 Measuring infectious virus titres 55
5.4 Measuring physical virus titres 57
5.5 Detecting virus in a sample 58
5.6 Understanding virus replication cycles 62
5.7 Viral genetics and reverse genetics 63
5.8 Systems-level virology 63 Key points 65 Questions 65 Further reading 65
Part II Virus Growth in Cells 67
Chapter 6 The process of infection: I. Virus attachment and entry into cells 69
6.1 Infection of animal cells: the nature and importance of receptors 69
6.2 Infection of animal cells: enveloped viruses 73
6.3 Infection of animal cells: non-enveloped viruses 78
6.4 Infection of plant cells 80
6.5 Infection of bacteria 81
6.6 Infection of cells: post-entry events 82
6.7 Virus entry: cell culture and the whole organism 84 Key points 84 Questions 84 Further reading 85
Chapter 7 The process of infection: IIA. The replication of viral DNA 86
7.1 The universal mechanism of DNA synthesis 87
7.2 Replication of circular double-stranded DNA genomes 90
7.3 Replication of linear double-stranded DNA genomes that can form circles 93
7.4 Replication of linear double-stranded DNA genomes that do not circularize 96
7.5 Replication of single-stranded circular DNA genomes 100
7.6 Replication of single-stranded linear DNA genomes 100
7.7 Dependency versus autonomy among DNA viruses 103 Key points 103 Questions 103 Further reading 103
Chapter 8 The process of infection: IIB. Genome replication in RNA viruses 105
8.1 Nature and diversity of RNA virus genomes 106
8.2 Regulatory elements for RNA virus genome synthesis 106
8.3 Synthesis of the RNA genome of Baltimore class 3 viruses 111
8.4 Synthesis of the RNA genome of Baltimore class 4 viruses 111
8.5 Synthesis of the RNA genome of Baltimore class 5 viruses 115
8.6 Synthesis of the RNA genome of viroids and hepatitis delta virus 118 Key points 119 Questions 119 Further reading 119
Chapter 9 The process of infection: IIC. The replication of RNA viruses with a DNA intermediate and vice versa 121
9.1 The retrovirus replication cycle 122
9.2 Discovery of reverse transcription 122
9.3 Retroviral reverse transcriptase 123
9.4 Mechanism of retroviral reverse transcription 125
9.5 Integration of retroviral DNA into cell DNA 128
9.6 Production of retrovirus progeny genomes 130
9.7 Spumaviruses: retrovirus with unusual features 131
9.8 The hepadnavirus replication cycle 131
9.9 Mechanism of hepadnavirus reverse transcription 131
9.10 Comparing reverse transcribing viruses 134 Key points 134 Questions 134 Further reading 135
Chapter 10 The process of infection: IIIA. Gene expression in DNA viruses and reverse-transcribing viruses 136
10.1 The DNA viruses and retroviruses: Baltimore classes 1, 2, 6 and 7 137
10.2 Polyomaviruses 138
10.3 Papillomaviruses 142
10.4 Adenoviruses 144
10.5 Herpesviruses 147
10.6 Poxviruses 149
10.7 Parvoviruses 149
10.8 Retroviruses 150
10.9 Hepadnaviruses 153
10.10 DNA bacteriophages 154 Key points 154 Questions 155 Further reading 155
Chapter 11 The process of infection: IIIB. Gene expression and its regulation in RNA viruses 156
11.1 The RNA viruses: Baltimore classes 3, 4 and 5 157
11.2 Reoviruses 158
11.3 Picornaviruses 163
11.4 Alphaviruses 164
11.5 Coronaviruses 166
11.6 Negative sense RNA viruses with segmented genomes 169
11.7 Orthomyxoviruses 169
11.8 Arenaviruses 173
11.9 Negative sense RNA viruses with non-segmented, single stranded genomes: rhabdoviruses and paramyxoviruses 174 Key points 177 Questions 178 Further reading 178
Chapter 12 The process of infection: IV. The assembly of viruses 179
12.1 Self-assembly from mature virion components 180
12.2 Assembly of viruses with a helical structure 180
12.3 Assembly of viruses with an isometric structure 184
12.4 Assembly of complex viruses 187
12.5 Sequence-dependent and -independent packaging of virus DNA in virus particles 189
12.6 The assembly of enveloped viruses 190
12.7 Segmented virus genomes: the acquisition of multiple nucleic acid molecules 194
12.8 Maturation of virus particles 195 Key points 196 Questions 197 Further reading 197
Part III Virus Interactions with the Whole Organism 199
Chapter 13 Innate and intrinsic immunity 201
13.1 Innate immune responses in vertebrates - discovery of interferon 202
13.2 Induction of type 1 interferon responses 203
13.3 Virus countermeasures to innate immunity 207
13.4 TRIM proteins and immunity 209
13.5 Intrinsic resistance to viruses in vertebrates 210
13.6 Innate and intrinsic immunity and the outcome of infection 212
13.7 RNAi is an important antiviral mechanism in invertebrates and plants 212
13.8 Detecting and signalling infection in invertebrates and plants 214
13.9 Virus resistance mechanisms in bacteria and archaea 215 Key points 216 Questions 217 References 217
Chapter 14 The adaptive immune response 218
14.1 General features of the adaptive immune system 219
14.2 Cell-mediated immunity 221
14.3 Antibody-mediated humoral immunity 226
14.4 Virus evasion of adaptive immunity 232
14.5 Age and adaptive immunity 233
14.6 Interaction between the innate and adaptive immune systems 233 Key points 234 Questions 236 Further reading 236
Chapter 15 Interactions between animal viruses and cells 237
15.1 Acutely cytopathogenic infections 238
15.2 Persistent infections 238
15.3 Latent infections 241
15.4 Transforming infections 243
15.5 Abortive infections 243
15.6 Null infections 244
15.7 How do animal viruses kill cells? 244 Key points 246 Questions 247 Further reading 247
Chapter 16 Animal virus-host interactions 248
16.1 Cause and effect: Koch''s postulates 248
16.2 A classification of virus-host interactions 249
16.3 Acute infections 252
16.4 Subclinical infections 253
16.5 Persistent and chronic infections 254
16.6 Latent infections 256
16.7 Slowly progressive diseases 257
16.8 Virus-induced tumours 258 Key points 259 Questions 260 Further reading 260
Chapter 17 Mechanisms in virus latency 261
17.1 The latent interaction of virus and host 261
17.2 Gene expression and the lytic and lysogenic life of bacteriophage λ 263
17.3 Herpes simplex virus latency 270
17.4 Epstein-Barr virus latency 274
17.5 Latency in other herpesviruses 275
17.6 HIV-1 latency 277 Key points 277 Questions 278 Further reading 278
Chapter 18 Transmission of viruses 279
18.1 Virus transmission cycles 279
18.2 Barriers to transmission 281
18.3 Routes of horizontal transmission in animals 282
18.4 Vertical transmission 285
18.5 Vector-borne viruses and zoonotic transmission 287
18.6 Epidemiology of virus infections 289
18.7 Sustaining infection in populations 290 Key points 291 Questions 291 Further reading 291
Part IV Viruses and Human Disease 293
Part I The Nature of Viruses 1
Chapter 1 Towards a definition of a virus 3
1.1 Discovery of viruses 4
1.2 Multiplication of viruses 5
1.3 The virus multiplication cycle 6
1.4 Viruses can be defined in chemical terms 7
1.5 Multiplication of bacterial and animal viruses is fundamentally similar 10
1.6 Viruses can be manipulated genetically 11
1.7 Properties of viruses 11
1.8 Origin of viruses 12 Key points 12 Further reading 12
Chapter 2 The structure of virus particles 13
2.1 Virus particles are constructed from subunits 13
2.2 The structure of filamentous viruses and nucleoproteins 14
2.3 The structure is of isometric virus particles 15
2.4 Enveloped (membrane-bound) virus particles 24
2.5 Virus particles with head-tail morphology 27
2.6 Frequency of occurrence of different virus particle morphologies 28
2.7 Principles of disassemply: virus particles are metastable 28 Key points 29 Further reading 29
Chapter 3 Classification of viruses 30
3.1 Classification on the basis of disease 30
3.2 Classification on the basis of host organism 31
3.3 Classification on the basis of virus particle morphology 31
3.4 Classification on the basis of viral nucleic acids 32
3.5 Classification on the basis of taxonomy 34
3.6 Satellites, viroids and prions 35 Key points 37 Further reading 38
Chapter 4 The evolution of viruses 39
4.1 Mechanisms of virus evolution 40
4.2 The potential for rapid evolution: mutation and quasispecies 40
4.3 Rapid evolution: recombination 43
4.4 Rapid evolution: reassortment 43
4.5 Evolution to find a host, and subsequent co-evolution with the host 46 Key points 51 Questions 51 Further reading 51
Chapter 5 Techniques for studying viruses 52
5.1 Culturing wild virus isolates 52
5.2 Enumeration of viruses 54
5.3 Measuring infectious virus titres 55
5.4 Measuring physical virus titres 57
5.5 Detecting virus in a sample 58
5.6 Understanding virus replication cycles 62
5.7 Viral genetics and reverse genetics 63
5.8 Systems-level virology 63 Key points 65 Questions 65 Further reading 65
Part II Virus Growth in Cells 67
Chapter 6 The process of infection: I. Virus attachment and entry into cells 69
6.1 Infection of animal cells: the nature and importance of receptors 69
6.2 Infection of animal cells: enveloped viruses 73
6.3 Infection of animal cells: non-enveloped viruses 78
6.4 Infection of plant cells 80
6.5 Infection of bacteria 81
6.6 Infection of cells: post-entry events 82
6.7 Virus entry: cell culture and the whole organism 84 Key points 84 Questions 84 Further reading 85
Chapter 7 The process of infection: IIA. The replication of viral DNA 86
7.1 The universal mechanism of DNA synthesis 87
7.2 Replication of circular double-stranded DNA genomes 90
7.3 Replication of linear double-stranded DNA genomes that can form circles 93
7.4 Replication of linear double-stranded DNA genomes that do not circularize 96
7.5 Replication of single-stranded circular DNA genomes 100
7.6 Replication of single-stranded linear DNA genomes 100
7.7 Dependency versus autonomy among DNA viruses 103 Key points 103 Questions 103 Further reading 103
Chapter 8 The process of infection: IIB. Genome replication in RNA viruses 105
8.1 Nature and diversity of RNA virus genomes 106
8.2 Regulatory elements for RNA virus genome synthesis 106
8.3 Synthesis of the RNA genome of Baltimore class 3 viruses 111
8.4 Synthesis of the RNA genome of Baltimore class 4 viruses 111
8.5 Synthesis of the RNA genome of Baltimore class 5 viruses 115
8.6 Synthesis of the RNA genome of viroids and hepatitis delta virus 118 Key points 119 Questions 119 Further reading 119
Chapter 9 The process of infection: IIC. The replication of RNA viruses with a DNA intermediate and vice versa 121
9.1 The retrovirus replication cycle 122
9.2 Discovery of reverse transcription 122
9.3 Retroviral reverse transcriptase 123
9.4 Mechanism of retroviral reverse transcription 125
9.5 Integration of retroviral DNA into cell DNA 128
9.6 Production of retrovirus progeny genomes 130
9.7 Spumaviruses: retrovirus with unusual features 131
9.8 The hepadnavirus replication cycle 131
9.9 Mechanism of hepadnavirus reverse transcription 131
9.10 Comparing reverse transcribing viruses 134 Key points 134 Questions 134 Further reading 135
Chapter 10 The process of infection: IIIA. Gene expression in DNA viruses and reverse-transcribing viruses 136
10.1 The DNA viruses and retroviruses: Baltimore classes 1, 2, 6 and 7 137
10.2 Polyomaviruses 138
10.3 Papillomaviruses 142
10.4 Adenoviruses 144
10.5 Herpesviruses 147
10.6 Poxviruses 149
10.7 Parvoviruses 149
10.8 Retroviruses 150
10.9 Hepadnaviruses 153
10.10 DNA bacteriophages 154 Key points 154 Questions 155 Further reading 155
Chapter 11 The process of infection: IIIB. Gene expression and its regulation in RNA viruses 156
11.1 The RNA viruses: Baltimore classes 3, 4 and 5 157
11.2 Reoviruses 158
11.3 Picornaviruses 163
11.4 Alphaviruses 164
11.5 Coronaviruses 166
11.6 Negative sense RNA viruses with segmented genomes 169
11.7 Orthomyxoviruses 169
11.8 Arenaviruses 173
11.9 Negative sense RNA viruses with non-segmented, single stranded genomes: rhabdoviruses and paramyxoviruses 174 Key points 177 Questions 178 Further reading 178
Chapter 12 The process of infection: IV. The assembly of viruses 179
12.1 Self-assembly from mature virion components 180
12.2 Assembly of viruses with a helical structure 180
12.3 Assembly of viruses with an isometric structure 184
12.4 Assembly of complex viruses 187
12.5 Sequence-dependent and -independent packaging of virus DNA in virus particles 189
12.6 The assembly of enveloped viruses 190
12.7 Segmented virus genomes: the acquisition of multiple nucleic acid molecules 194
12.8 Maturation of virus particles 195 Key points 196 Questions 197 Further reading 197
Part III Virus Interactions with the Whole Organism 199
Chapter 13 Innate and intrinsic immunity 201
13.1 Innate immune responses in vertebrates - discovery of interferon 202
13.2 Induction of type 1 interferon responses 203
13.3 Virus countermeasures to innate immunity 207
13.4 TRIM proteins and immunity 209
13.5 Intrinsic resistance to viruses in vertebrates 210
13.6 Innate and intrinsic immunity and the outcome of infection 212
13.7 RNAi is an important antiviral mechanism in invertebrates and plants 212
13.8 Detecting and signalling infection in invertebrates and plants 214
13.9 Virus resistance mechanisms in bacteria and archaea 215 Key points 216 Questions 217 References 217
Chapter 14 The adaptive immune response 218
14.1 General features of the adaptive immune system 219
14.2 Cell-mediated immunity 221
14.3 Antibody-mediated humoral immunity 226
14.4 Virus evasion of adaptive immunity 232
14.5 Age and adaptive immunity 233
14.6 Interaction between the innate and adaptive immune systems 233 Key points 234 Questions 236 Further reading 236
Chapter 15 Interactions between animal viruses and cells 237
15.1 Acutely cytopathogenic infections 238
15.2 Persistent infections 238
15.3 Latent infections 241
15.4 Transforming infections 243
15.5 Abortive infections 243
15.6 Null infections 244
15.7 How do animal viruses kill cells? 244 Key points 246 Questions 247 Further reading 247
Chapter 16 Animal virus-host interactions 248
16.1 Cause and effect: Koch''s postulates 248
16.2 A classification of virus-host interactions 249
16.3 Acute infections 252
16.4 Subclinical infections 253
16.5 Persistent and chronic infections 254
16.6 Latent infections 256
16.7 Slowly progressive diseases 257
16.8 Virus-induced tumours 258 Key points 259 Questions 260 Further reading 260
Chapter 17 Mechanisms in virus latency 261
17.1 The latent interaction of virus and host 261
17.2 Gene expression and the lytic and lysogenic life of bacteriophage λ 263
17.3 Herpes simplex virus latency 270
17.4 Epstein-Barr virus latency 274
17.5 Latency in other herpesviruses 275
17.6 HIV-1 latency 277 Key points 277 Questions 278 Further reading 278
Chapter 18 Transmission of viruses 279
18.1 Virus transmission cycles 279
18.2 Barriers to transmission 281
18.3 Routes of horizontal transmission in animals 282
18.4 Vertical transmission 285
18.5 Vector-borne viruses and zoonotic transmission 287
18.6 Epidemiology of virus infections 289
18.7 Sustaining infection in populations 290 Key points 291 Questions 291 Further reading 291
Part IV Viruses and Human Disease 293
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