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Introduction xxxvi
Part I General Network Design
Chapter 1 Network Design Methodology 3 "Do I Know This Already?" Quiz 3 Foundation Topics 6 Cisco Architectures for the Enterprise 6 Borderless Networks Architecture 7 Collaboration and Video Architecture 8 Data Center and Virtualization Architecture 8 Cisco Design Lifecycle: Plan, Build, Manage 9 Plan Phase 10 Build Phase 11 Manage Phase 11 Prepare, Plan, Design, Implement, Operate, and Optimize Phases 12 Prepare Phase 14 Plan Phase 14 Design Phase 14 Implement Phase 15 Operate Phase 15 Optimize Phase 15 Summary of PPDIOO Phases 15 Project Deliverables 16 Design Methodology 16 Identifying Customer Design Requirements 17 Characterizing the Existing Network 18 Steps in Gathering Information 19 Network Audit Tools 19 Network Checklist 23 Designing the Network Topology and Solutions 24 Top-Down Approach 24 Pilot and Prototype Tests 25 Design Document 25 References and Recommended Reading 26 Exam Preparation Tasks 28 Review All Key Topics 28 Complete Tables and Lists from Memory 28 Define Key Terms 28 Q&A 28
Chapter 2 Network Design Models 39 "Do I Know This Already?" Quiz 39 Foundation Topics 41 Hierarchical Network Models 41 Benefits of the Hierarchical Model 41 Hierarchical Network Design 42 Hierarchical Model Examples 46 Hub-and-Spoke Design 48 Collapsed Core Design 49 Cisco Enterprise Architecture Model 49 Enterprise Campus Module 50 Enterprise Edge Area 52 Service Provider Edge Module 56 Remote Modules 57 High Availability Network Services 59 Workstation-to-Router Redundancy and LAN High Availability Protocols 60 Server Redundancy 62 Route Redundancy 63 Link Media Redundancy 65 References and Recommended Reading 66 Exam Preparation Tasks 68 Review All Key Topics 68 Complete Tables and Lists from Memory 68 Define Key Terms 68 Q&A 68
Part II LAN and WAN Design
Chapter 3 Enterprise LAN Design 81 "Do I Know This Already?" Quiz 81 Foundation Topics 83 LAN Media 83 Ethernet Design Rules 83 Gigabit Ethernet Design Rules 85 10 Gigabit Ethernet Design Rules 87 EtherChannel 88 Comparison of Campus Media 88 LAN Hardware 89 Repeaters 89 Hubs 89 Bridges 89 Switches 90 Routers 91 Layer 3 Switches 92 Campus LAN Design and Best Practices 93 Best Practices for Hierarchical Layers 94 STP Design Considerations 101 Cisco STP Toolkit 103 VLAN and Trunk Considerations 105 Unidirectional Link Detection (UDLD) Protocol 105 Large-Building LANs 106 Enterprise Campus LANs 107 Medium-Size LANs 109 Small and Remote Site LANs 110 Server Farm Module 110 Enterprise Data Center Infrastructure 111 Campus LAN QoS Considerations 111 Multicast Traffic Considerations 113 References and Recommended Readings 114 Exam Preparation Tasks 115 Review All Key Topics 115 Complete Tables and Lists from Memory 115 Define Key Terms 115 Q&A 115
Chapter 4 Data Center Design 127 "Do I Know This Already?" Quiz 127 Foundation Topics 130 Enterprise DC Architecture 130 Data Center Foundation Components 131 Data Center Topology Components 132 Data Center Network Programmability 133 Challenges in the DC 136 Data Center Facility Aspects 136 Data Center Space 138 Data Center Power 139 Data Center Cooling 140 Data Center Heat 141 Data Center Cabling 141 Enterprise DC Infrastructure 143 Data Center Storage 144 Data Center Reference Architecture 146 Defining the DC Access Layer 147 Defining the DC Aggregation Layer 148 Defining the DC Core Layer 149 Security in the DC 150 Fabric Extenders 151 Virtualization Overview 151 Challenges 151 Defining Virtualization and Benefits 151 Virtualization Risks 152 Types of Virtualization 152 Virtualization Technologies 153 VSS 153 VRF 154 vPC 154 Device Contexts 155 Server Virtualization 155 Server Scaling 155 Virtual Switching 156 Network Virtualization Design Considerations 156 Data Center Interconnect 157 DCI Use Cases 157 DCI Transport Options 158 DCI L2 Considerations 159 Load Balancing in the DC 159 Application Load Balancing 159 Network Load Balancing 160 References and Recommended Readings 160 Exam Preparation Tasks 161 Review All Key Topics 161 Complete Tables and Lists from Memory 162 Define Key Terms 162 Q&A 162
Chapter 5 Wireless LAN Design 167 "Do I Know This Already?" Quiz 167 Foundation Topics 169 Wireless LAN Technologies 169 WLAN Standards 169 Service Set Identifier 171 WLAN Layer 2 Access Method 172 WLAN Security 172 Cisco Unified Wireless Network 175 Cisco UWN Architecture 175 Autonomous Access Points 176 Centralized WLAN Architecture 177 LWAPP 177 WLAN Authentication 182 WLAN Controller Components 183 Roaming and Mobility Groups 186 WLAN Design 190 Controller Redundancy Design: Deterministic vs. Dynamic 190 Radio Management and Radio Groups 192 RF Site Survey 194 Using EoIP Tunnels for Guest Services 194 Wireless Mesh for Outdoor Wireless 195 Campus Design Considerations 196 Branch Design Considerations 199 References and Recommended Readings 201 Exam Preparation Tasks 203 Review All Key Topics 203 Complete Tables and Lists from Memory 203 Define Key Terms 203 Q&A 204
Chapter 6 WAN Technologies and the Enterprise Edge 215 "Do I Know This Already?" Quiz 215 Foundation Topics 218 WAN and Enterprise Edge Overview 218 WAN Defined 218 WAN Edge Module 219 Enterprise Edge Modules 219 WAN Transport Technologies 220 ISDN 221 Digital Subscriber Line 222 Cable 222 Wireless 223 Frame Relay 224 Time-Division Multiplexing 225 Metro Ethernet 225 SONET/SDH 225 Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) 226 Dark Fiber 227 Dense Wavelength-Division Multiplexing 228 Ordering WAN Technology and Contracts 228 WAN and Edge Design Methodologies 229 Response Time 230 Throughput 231 Reliability 231 Bandwidth Considerations 231 WAN Link Categories 232 Optimizing Bandwidth Using QoS 233 DMZ Connectivity 236 Segmenting DMZs 237 DMZ Services 238 Internet Connectivity 238 Centralized Internet (Branch) vs. Direct Internet (Branch) 240 High Availability for the Internet Edge 240 VPN Network Design 240 References and Recommended Readings 242 Exam Preparation Tasks 243 Review All Key Topics 243 Complete Tables and Lists from Memory 243 Define Key Terms 243 Q&A 244
Chapter 7 WAN Design 249 "Do I Know This Already?" Quiz 249 Foundation Topics 252 Traditional WAN Technologies 252 Hub-and-Spoke Topology 252 Full-Mesh Topology 253 Partial-Mesh Topology 253 Point-to-Point Topology 254 Remote Site Connectivity 254 Enterprise VPN vs. Service Provider VPN 255 Enterprise Managed VPN: IPsec 255 Service Provider--Managed Offerings 259 VPN Benefits 263 WAN Backup Design 263 WAN Backup over the Internet 263 Enterprise WAN Architecture 264 Cisco Enterprise MAN/WAN 265 Enterprise WAN/MAN Architecture Comparison 266 Enterprise WAN Components 268 Comparing Hardware and Software 269 Enterprise Branch Architecture 270 Branch Design 270 Branch Connectivity 271 Redundancy for Branches 271 Single WAN Carrier vs. Dual WAN Carriers 271 Single MPLS Carrier Site 272 Dual MPLS Carriers 272 Hybrid WAN: L3 VPN with IPsec VPN 273 Enterprise Teleworker Design 279 ISRs for Teleworkers 280 References and Recommended Readings 280 Exam Preparation Tasks 281 Review All Key Topics 281 Complete Tables and Lists from Memory 281 Define Key Terms 281 Q&A 282
Part III The Internet Protocol and Routing Protocols
Chapter 8 Internet Protocol Version 4 Design 287 "Do I Know This Already?" Quiz 287 Foundation Topics 289 IPv4 Header 289 ToS 291 IPv4 Fragmentation 295 IPv4 Addressing 296 IPv4 Address Classes 297 IPv4 Address Types 299 IPv4 Private Addresses 299