Lothar Heinhold, Editor Power Cables and their Application This book provides a comprehensive summary of the cables and insulated wires in use today. Apart from detailed descriptions of constructional elements and their materials, as well as accessories, guidance is included for laying, installation and testing. All calculation methods necessary for the planning of cable installations are discussed and explained by the use of practical examples. Detailed construction data and technical values for project planning for the engineer and the installer may be found in Part 2. Overview of Contents Constructional Elements Conductors Insulation Protective Sheaths Protection against Corrosion Insulated Wires and Flexible Cables Types of Wires and Cables Core Identification of Cables Application and Installation of Cables Power Cables National and International Standards Types of Construction of Low- and High-Voltage Cables Power Cables for Special Applications High-and Extra-High-Voltage Cables Planning of Cable Installations Guide for Planning of Cable Installations Cable Rated Voltages Current-Carrying Capacity Short-Circuit Conditions Resistance Capacitance Inductance Insulation Resistance Economic Optimization of Cable Size Interference of Power Cables with Control and Telecommunication Cables Design and Calculation of Distribution Systems Laying and Installation Cable Identification Marking Laying the Cable Installation Guide Cable Accessories Cable Plan Measuring and Testing of Power Installations Electrical Measurements in the Cable Installation, as Installed Locating Faults
Constructional Elements of Insulated Cables1 Conductors1.
1 Wiring Cables and Flexible Cables1.
2 Power Cables2 Insulation2.
1 Polymers2.
1.
1 Thermoplastics (Plastomers) Copolymers ? Fluoroplastics ? Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) ? Polyethylene (PE) ? Cross-Linked Polyethylene (XLPE)2.
1.
2 Elastomers Thermoplastic Elastomers (TPE) ? Conducting Rubber ? Natural Rubber (NR) ? Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR) ? Nitrile Butadiene Rubber (NBR) ? Butyl Rubber (IIR) ? Ethylene-Propylene Rubber (EPR) ? Silicone Rubber (SiR) ? Ethylene Vinyl Acetate (EVA)2.
1.
3 Thermosetting Polymers (Duromers)2.
2 Chemical Aging of Polymers2.
3 The Influence of Moisture on Polyolefine Insulating Materials2.
4 Impregnated Paper2.
5 Literature Referred to in
Section 23 Protective Sheaths3.
1 Thermoplastic Sheaths3.
2 Elastomer Sheaths3.
3 Sheathing Materials for Special Purposes3.
4 Metal Sheath4 Protection against Corrosion4.
1 Cable with Lead Sheath4.
2 Aluminium-Sheathed Cables5 Armour6 Concentric Conductors7 Electrical Screening7.
1 Conducting Layers7.
2 Metallic Components of Electrical Screening7.
3 Longitudinally Water Proof ScreensInsulated Wires and Flexible Cables8 Types of Wires and Cables8.
1 National and International Standards8.
1.
1 VDE Specifications8.
1.
2 Harmonized Standards8.
1.
3 National Types8.
1.
4 IEC Standards8.
2 Selection of Flexible Cables8.
2.
1 Cables for Fixed Installations8.
2.
2 Flexible Cables8.
2.
3 FLEXO Cords8.
3 Flexible Cables for Mining and Industry8.
4 Halogen-Free SIENOPYR Wiring and Flexible Cables with Improved Performance in the Event of Fire9 Core Identification of Cables10 Definition of Locations to DIN VDE 010011 Application and Installation of Cables11.
1 Rated Voltage, Operating Voltage11.
2 Selection of Conductor Cross-Sectional AreaPower Cables12 National and International Standards12.
1 VDE Specifications12.
2 Standards of Other Countries12.
3 IEC and CENELEC Standards13 Types of Construction of Low-and High-Voltage Cables13.
1 General13.
2 Type Designation13.
3 Selection of Cables and Accessories14 Power Cables for Special Applications14.
1 Cable with Elastomer Insulation14.
2 Shipboard Power Cable14.
2.
1 Construction and Characteristics14.
2.
2 Application and Installation14.
3 Halogen-Free Cables with Improved Characteristics in the Case of Fire14.
3.
1 Testing Performance under Conditions of FireSpread of Fire ? Corrosivity of Combustion Gases ? Smoke Density. Insulation Retention under Conditions of Fire14.
3.
2 Construction and Characteristics14.
3.
3 Laying and Installation14.
4 Cables for Mine Shafts and Galleries14.
5 River and Sea Cables14.
6 Airport Cables14.
7 Cable with Polymer Insulation and Lead Sheath14.
8 Insulated Overhead Line Cables15 High- and Extra-High-Voltage Cables15.
1 Cable with Polymer Insulation15.
2 Low-Pressure Oil-Filled Cable with Lead or Aluminium Sheath15.
3 Thermally Stable Cable in Steel Pipe15.
3.
1 High-Pressure Oil-Filled Cable15.
3.
2 Internal Gas-Pressure Cable15.
3.
3 External Gas-Pressure Cable (Pressure Cable)Planning of Cable Installations16 Guide for Planning of Cable Installations17 Cable Rated Voltages17.
1 Allocation of Cable Rated Voltages17.
2 Rated Lightning Impulse Withstand Voltage17.
3 Voltage Stresses in the Event of Earth Fault18 Current-Carrying Capacity in Normal Operation18.
1 Terms, Definitions and Regulations18.
2 Operating Conditions and Design Tables18.
2.
1 Operating Conditions for Installations in Ground18.
2.
2 Operating Conditions, Installation in Air18.
2.
3 Project Design TablesLoad Capacity Installed in Ground/Air ? Rating Factors for Installation in Ground, for Differing Air Temperatures and for Groups in Air18.
2.
4 Use of Tables18.
3 Calculation of Load Capacity18.
4 Thermal Resistances18.
4.
1 Thermal Resistance of the Cable18.
4.
2 Thermal Resistance of Air Horizontal Installation ? Vertical Installation ? Atmospheric Pressure ? Ambient Temperature ? Solar Radiation ? Arrangement of Cables18.
4.
3 Thermal Resistance of the Soil Temperature Field of a Cable ? Definition of Soil-Thermal Resistance ? Daily Load Curve and Cha