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Viser: Chemical Process Safety - Fundamentals with Applications

Chemical Process Safety - Fundamentals with Applications, 3. udgave

Chemical Process Safety

Fundamentals with Applications
Daniel A. Crowl og Joseph F. Louvar
(2011)
Sprog: Engelsk
Pearson Education, Limited
699,00 kr.
Denne bog er blevet erstattet af en nyere udgave.

Detaljer om varen

  • 3. Udgave
  • Hardback: 752 sider
  • Udgiver: Pearson Education, Limited (Maj 2011)
  • Forfattere: Daniel A. Crowl og Joseph F. Louvar
  • ISBN: 9780131382268
The Leading Guide To Process Safety Now Extensively Updated For Today's Processes And Systems

 

As chemical processes have grown more complex, so have the safety systems required to prevent accidents. Chemical Process Safety, Third Edition, offers students and practitioners a more fundamental understanding of safety and the application required to safely design and manage today's sophisticated processes.


The third edition continues the definitive standard of the previous editions. The content has been extensively updated to today's techniques and procedures, and two new chapters have been added. A new chapter on chemical reactivity provides the information necessary to identify, characterize, control, and manage reactive chemical hazards. A new chapter on safety procedures and designs includes new content on safely management, and specific procedures including hot work permits, lock-tag-try, and vessel entry.

 

Subjects Include

  • Inherently safer design
  • Toxicology and industrial hygiene
  • Toxic release and dispersion models
  • Fires and explosions, and how to prevent them
  • Reliefs and relief sizing
  • Hazard identification
  • Risk assessment
  • Safe designs and procedures
  • Case histories

 

Chemical Process Safety, Third Edition, is an ideal reference for professionals. It can be used for both graduate and undergraduate instruction. This edition contains more than 480 end-of-chapter problems. A solutions manual is available for instructors.

Preface xv About the Authors xvii On the Cover xviii Nomenclature xix
Chapter 1: Introduction 1 1-1 Safety Programs 2 1-2 Engineering Ethics 4 1-3 Accident and Loss Statistics 4 1-4 Acceptable Risk 12 1-5 Public Perceptions 14 1-6 The Nature of the Accident Process 15 1-7 Inherent Safety 20 1-8 Seven Significant Disasters 23 Suggested Reading 31 Problems 32
Chapter 2: Toxicology 37 2-1 How Toxicants Enter Biological Organisms 38 2-2 How Toxicants Are Eliminated from Biological Organisms 41 2-3 Effects of Toxicants on Biological Organisms 42 2-4 Toxicological Studies 43 2-5 Dose versus Response 44 2-6 Models for Dose and Response Curves 50 2-7 Relative Toxicity 56 2-8 Threshold Limit Values 56 2-9 National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) Diamond 58 On-Line Resources 59 Suggested Reading 60 Problems 60
Chapter 3: Industrial Hygiene 65 3-1 Government Regulations 66 3-2 Industrial Hygiene: Anticipation and Identification 78 3-3 Industrial Hygiene: Evaluation 84 3-4 Industrial Hygiene: Control 99 On-Line Resources 109 Suggested Reading 109 Problems 110
Chapter 4: Source Models 119 4-1 Introduction to Source Models 119 4-2 Flow of Liquid through a Hole 122 4-3 Flow of Liquid through a Hole in a Tank 126 4-4 Flow of Liquids through Pipes 131 4-5 Flow of Gases or Vapors through Holes 140 4-6 Flow of Gases or Vapors through Pipes 146 4-7 Flashing Liquids 163 4-8 Liquid Pool Evaporation or Boiling 169 4-9 Realistic and Worst-Case Releases 170 4-10 Conservative Analysis 172 Suggested Reading 173 Problems 174
Chapter 5: Toxic Release and Dispersion Models 185 5-1 Parameters Affecting Dispersion 186 5-2 Neutrally Buoyant Dispersion Models 190 5-3 Dense Gas Dispersion 209 5-4 Dense Gas Transition to Neutrally Buoyant Gas 219 5-5 Toxic Effect Criteria 225 5-6 Effect of Release Momentum and Buoyancy 233 5-7 Release Mitigation 234 Suggested Reading 235 Problems 236
Chapter 6: Fires and Explosions 245 6-1 The Fire Triangle 245 6-2 Distinction between Fires and Explosions 247 6-3 Definitions 247 6-4 Flammability Characteristics of Liquids and Vapors 249 6-5 Limiting Oxygen Concentration and Inerting 260 6-6 Flammability Diagram 262 6-7 Ignition Energy 270 6-8 Autoignition 270 6-9 Auto-Oxidation 271 6-10 Adiabatic Compression 272 6-11 Ignition Sources 273 6-12 Sprays and Mists 274 6-13 Explosions 275 Suggested Reading 304 Problems 305
Chapter 7: Concepts to Prevent Fires and Explosions 317 7-1 Inerting 318 7-2 Static Electricity 333 7-3 Controlling Static Electricity 356 7-4 Explosion-Proof Equipment and Instruments 363 7-5 Ventilation 367 7-6 Sprinkler Systems 370 7-7 Miscellaneous Concepts for Preventing Fires and Explosions 374 Suggested Reading 374 Problems 375
Chapter 8: Chemical Reactivity 381 8-1 Background Understanding 382 8-2 Commitment,Awareness, and Identification of Reactive Chemical Hazards 384 8-3 Characterization of Reactive Chemical Hazards Using Calorimeters 390 8-4 Controlling Reactive Hazards 416 Suggested Reading 418 Problems 418
Chapter 9: Introduction to Reliefs 429 9-1 Relief Concepts 430 9-2 Definitions 432 9-3 Location of Reliefs 433 9-4 Relief Types and Characteristics 436 9-5 Relief Scenarios 443 9-6 Data for Sizing Reliefs 444 9-7 Relief Systems 444 Suggested Reading 452 Problems 453
Chapter 10: Relief Sizing 459 10-1 Conventional Spring-Operated Reliefs in Liquid Service 460 10-2 Conventional Spring-Operated Reliefs in Vapor or Gas Service 466 10-3 Rupture Disc Reliefs in Liquid Service 470 10-4 Rupture Disc Reliefs in Vapor or Gas Service 471 10-5 Two-Phase Flow during Runaway Reaction Relief 472 10-6 Pilot-Operated and Bucking-Pin Reliefs 481 10-7 Deflagration Venting for Dust and Vapor Explosions 481 10-8 Venting for Fires External to Process Vessels 488 10-9 Reliefs for Thermal Expansion of Process Fluids 492 Suggested Reading 496 Problems 497
Chapter 11: Hazards Identification 505 11-1 Process Hazards Checklists 508 11-2 Hazards Surveys 508 11-3 Hazards and Operability Studies 524 11-4 Safety Reviews 530 11-5 Other Methods 537 Suggested Reading 538 Problems
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