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Sugarcane-based Biofuels and Bioproducts, 1. udgave
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Sugarcane-based Biofuels and Bioproducts Vital Source e-bog

Ian O'Hara og Sagadevan Mundree
(2016)
John Wiley & Sons
2.146,00 kr.
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Sugarcane-Based Biofuels and Bioproducts, 1. udgave

Sugarcane-Based Biofuels and Bioproducts

Ian O'Hara og Sagadevan Mundree
(2016)
Sprog: Engelsk
John Wiley & Sons, Incorporated
2.199,00 kr.
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Detaljer om varen

  • 1. Udgave
  • Vital Source searchable e-book (Reflowable pages)
  • Udgiver: John Wiley & Sons (Marts 2016)
  • Forfattere: Ian O'Hara og Sagadevan Mundree
  • ISBN: 9781118719923
Sugarcane has garnered much interest for its potential as a viable renewable energy crop. While the use of sugar juice for ethanol production has been in practice for years, a new focus on using the fibrous co-product known as bagasse for producing renewable fuels and bio-based chemicals is growing in interest. The success of these efforts, and the development of new varieties of energy canes, could greatly increase the use of sugarcane and sugarcane biomass for fuels while enhancing industry sustainability and competitiveness. Sugarcane-Based Biofuels and Bioproducts examines the development of a suite of established and developing biofuels and other renewable products derived from sugarcane and sugarcane-based co-products, such as bagasse. Chapters provide broad-ranging coverage of sugarcane biology, biotechnological advances, and breakthroughs in production and processing techniques. This text brings together essential information regarding the development and utilization of new fuels and bioproducts derived from sugarcane. Authored by experts in the field, Sugarcane-Based Biofuels and Bioproducts is an invaluable resource for researchers studying biofuels, sugarcane, and plant biotechnology as well as sugar and biofuels industry personnel.
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Detaljer om varen

  • 1. Udgave
  • Hardback: 408 sider
  • Udgiver: John Wiley & Sons, Incorporated (Maj 2016)
  • Forfattere: Ian O'Hara og Sagadevan Mundree
  • ISBN: 9781118719916

Sugarcane has garnered much interest for its potential as a viable renewable energy crop. While the use of sugar juice for ethanol production has been in practice for years, a new focus on using the fibrous co-product known as bagasse for producing renewable fuels and bio-based chemicals is growing in interest. The success of these efforts, and the development of new varieties of energy canes, could greatly increase the use of sugarcane and sugarcane biomass for fuels while enhancing industry sustainability and competitiveness.

Sugarcane-Based Biofuels and Bioproducts examines the development of a suite of established and developing biofuels and other renewable products derived from sugarcane and sugarcane-based co-products, such as bagasse. Chapters provide broad-ranging coverage of sugarcane biology, biotechnological advances, and breakthroughs in production and processing techniques.

This text brings together essential information regarding the development and utilization of new fuels and bioproducts derived from sugarcane. Authored by experts in the field, Sugarcane-Based Biofuels and Bioproducts is an invaluable resource for researchers studying biofuels, sugarcane, and plant biotechnology as well as sugar and biofuels industry personnel. 
Preface, xiii List of contributors, xv
Part I Sugarcane for biofuels and bioproducts 1 The sugarcane industry, biofuel, and bioproduct perspectives, 3 Ian M. O''Hara
1.1 Sugarcane - a global bioindustrial crop, 3
1.2 The global sugarcane industry, 5
1.2.1 Sugarcane, 5
1.2.2 Sugarcane harvesting and transport, 6
1.2.3 The raw sugar production process, 7
1.2.4 The refined sugar production process, 9
1.2.5 The sugar market, 11
1.3 Why biofuels and bioproducts?, 11
1.3.1 The search for new revenue, 11
1.3.2 Sugar, ethanol, and cogeneration, 12
1.3.3 Fiber-based biofuels and bioproducts, 13
1.3.4 Climate change and renewable products, 13
1.3.5 New industries for sustainable regional communities, 14
1.4 Sugarcane biorefinery perspectives, 14
1.4.1 The sugarcane biorefinery, 14
1.4.2 The sustainability imperative, 17
1.4.3 Future developments in biotechnology for sugarcane biorefineries, 18
1.5 Concluding remarks, 19 References, 20 2 Sugarcane biotechnology: tapping unlimited potential, 23 Sudipta S. Das Bhowmik, Anthony K. Brinin, Brett Williams and Sagadevan G. Mundree
2.1 Introduction, 23
2.2 History of sugarcane, sugarcane genetics, wild varieties, 24
2.3 Uses of sugarcane, 25
2.3.1 Food and beverages, 25
2.3.2 Biofuels and bioenergy, 26
2.3.3 Fibers and textiles, 26
2.3.4 Value-added products, 26
2.4 Sugarcane biotechnology, 26
2.4.1 Limitations of sugarcane biotechnology, 29
2.5 Improvement of sugarcane - breeding versus genetic modification through biotechnology, 29
2.6 Genetic modification of sugarcane, 30
2.7 Paucity of high-quality promoters, 32
2.8 Opportunities for GM-improved sugarcane, 32
2.9 Improved stress tolerance and disease resistance, 35
2.9.1 Stress tolerance, 35
2.9.2 Drought, 35
2.9.3 Salinity, 35
2.10 Naturally resilient plants as a novel genetic source for stress tolerance, 36
2.11 Disease resistance, 37
2.12 Industrial application of sugarcane, 39
2.13 How will climate change and expanded growing-region affect vulnerability to pathogens?, 40
2.14 Conclusion and perspectives, 41 References, 42
Part II Biofuels and bioproducts 3 Fermentation of sugarcane juice and molasses for ethanol production, 55 Cecília Laluce, Guilherme R. Leite, Bruna Z. Zavitoski, Thamires T. Zamai and Ricardo Ventura
3.1 Introduction, 55
3.2 Natural microbial ecology, 56
3.2.1 Saccharomyces yeasts, 56
3.2.2 Wild yeasts, 58
3.2.3 Bacterial contaminants, 58
3.3 Yeast identification, 60
3.3.1 Identification of genetic and physiological phenotypes, 60
3.3.2 Molecular identification methods, 61
3.4 Cell surface and cell-cell interactions, 62
3.4.1 Dissolved air flotation, 62
3.4.2 Flocculation, 64
3.4.3 Biofilms, 65
3.5 Sugarcane juice and bagasse, 65
3.5.1 Harvesting of the sugarcane, 65
3.5.2 Reception and cleaning of sugarcane, 66
3.5.3 Juice extraction, 66
3.5.4 Juice clarification, 66
3.5.5 Juice concentration, 66
3.5.6 Quality of clarified juice, 67
3.6 Fermentation of juice and molasses, 67
3.6.1 Starters yeasts, 67
3.6.2 Raw materials used in fermentation, 67
3.6.3 The fermentation, 68
3.7 Cogeneration of energy from bagasse, 68
3.8 Bioreactors and processes, 69
3.8.1 Batch fermentation, 70
3.8.2 Fed-batch fermentation, 70
3.8.3 Multistage Stage Continuous Fermentation (MSCF) system, 72
3.9 Control of microbial infections, 73
3.10 Monitoring and controlling processes, 74
3.11 Concluding remarks and perspective, 76 Acknowledgments, 77 References, 77 4 Production of fermentable sugars from sugarcane bagasse, 87 Zhanying Zhang, Mark D. Harrison and Ian M. O''Hara
4.1 Introduction, 87
4.2 Bioethanol from bagasse, 88
4.3 Overview of pretreatment technologies, 90
4.4 Pretreatment of bagasse, 91
4.4.1 Dilute acid pretreatment, 91
4.4.2 Alkaline pretreatment, 92
4.4.3 Liquid hot water pretreatment, 93
4.4.4 Organosolv pretreatment, 94
4.4.5 Ionic liquid pretreatment, 97
4.4.6 SO2- and CO2-associated pretreatments, 98
4.5 Enzymatic hydrolysis, 99
4.6 Fermentation, 100
4.7 Conclusions and future perspectives, 102 References, 103 5 Chemicals manufacture from fermentation of sugarcane products, 111 Karen T. Robins and Robert E. Speight
5.1 Introduction, 111
5.2 The suitability of sugarcane-derived feedstocks in industrial fermentation processes, 114
5.2.1 Competing current applications of sugarcane products, 115
5.2.2 Use of sugarcane products in fermentations, 117
5.3 Metabolism and industrial host strains, 121
5.3.1 Metabolism of sucrose, 121
5.3.2 Metabolism of lignocellulose-derived sugars, 124
5.3.3 Optimization of strains and metabolism, 126
5.4 Bioprocess considerations, 127
5.5 Sugarcane-derived chemical products, 130
5.6 Summary, 132 References, 133 6 Mathematical modeling of xylose production from hydrolysis of sugarcane bagasse, 137 Ava Greenwood, Troy Farrell and Ian M. O''Hara
6.1 Introduction, 137
6.2 Mathematical models of hemicellulose acid pretreatment, 139
6.2.1 Kinetic models of hemicellulose acid hydrolysis, 139
6.2.2 The Saeman kinetic model, 139
6.2.3 The biphasic model, 140
6.2.4 The polymer degradation equation, 143
6.2.5 Other mathematical considerations and models of hemicellulose acid hydrolysis, 146
6.3 A mathematical model of sugarcane bagasse dilute-acid hydrolysis, 150
6.4 Sensitivity analysis, 153
6.4.1 Experimental solids loadings and fitting the hard-to-hydrolyze parameter, 155
6.4.2 Hemicellulose chain length characteristics and the parameter fitting of ka and kb, 156
6.5 Conclusions, 159 References, 160 7 Hydrothermal liquefaction of lignin, 165 Kameron G. Dunn and Philip A. Hobson
7.1 Introduction, 165
7.2 A review of lignin alkaline hydrolysis research, 170
7.3 Hydrolysis in subcritical and supercritical water without an alkali base, 186
7.4 Solvolysis with hydrogen donor solvent formic acid, 188
7.5 Reported depolymerization pathways of lignin and lignin model compounds, 192
7.6 The solid residue product, 194
7.7 Summary - strategies to increase yields of monophenols, 195
7.7.1 Reaction temperature, 200
7.7.2 Reaction pressure, 201
7.7.3 Reaction time, 201
7.7.4 Lignin loading, 202
7.7.5 Alkali molarity, 202
7.7.6 Monomer separation, 202
7.7.7 Lignin structure, 202 References, 203 8 Conversion of sugarcane carbohydrates into platform chemicals, 207 Darryn W. Rackemann, Zhanying Zhang and William O.S. Doherty
8.1 Introduction, 207
8.1.1 Bagasse, 208
8.1.2 Biorefining, 208
8.2 Platform chemicals, 210
8.2.1 Furans, 212
8.2.2 Furfural, 212
8.2.3 HMF, 214
8.3 Organic acids, 214
8.3.1 Levulinic acid, 214
8.3.2 Formic acid, 218
8.4 Value of potential hydrolysis products, 218
8.5 Current technology for manufacture of furans and levulinic acid, 220
8.6 Technology improvements, 222
8.7 Catalysts, 223
8.7.1 Homogeneous catalysts, 223
8.7.2 Heterogeneous catalysts, 224
8.7.3 Levulinic acid, 224
8.8 Solvolysis, 226
8.9 Other product chemicals, 228
8.9.1 Esters, 228
8.9.2 Ketals, 228
8.9.3 Chloromethylfurfural, 229
8.9.4 GVL, 229
8.10 Concluding remarks, 230 References, 231 9 Cogeneration of sugarcane bagasse for renewable energy production, 237 Anthony P. Mann
9.1 Introduction, 237
9.2 Background, 238
9.3 Sugar factory processes without large-scale cogeneration, 243
9.4 Sugar factory processes with large-scale cogeneration, 249
9.4.1 Reducing LP steam heating requirements, 249
9.4.2 Reducing boiler station losses, 251
9.4.3 Increasing power generation efficiency, 253
9.4.4 A sugar factory cogeneration steam cycle, 254
9.5 Conclusions, 256 References, 257 10 Pulp and paper production from sugarcane bagasse, 259 Thomas J. Rainey and Geoff Covey
10.1 Background, 259
10.2 History of bagasse in the pulp and paper industry, 260
10.3 Depithing, 260
10.3.1 The need for depithing, 260
10.3.2 Depithing operation, 262
10.3.3 Character of pith, depithed bagasse, and whole bagasse, 264
10.3.4 Combustion of pith, 264
10.4 Storage of bagasse for papermaking, 266
10.5 Chemical pulping and bleaching of bagasse, 268
10.5.1 Digestion, 268
10.5.2 Black liquor, 269
10.5.3 Bleaching, 270
10.6 Mechanical and chemi-mechanical pulping, 271
10.7 Papermaking, 272
10.7.1 Fiber morphology, 272
10.7.2 Suitability of bagasse for various paper grades, 273
10.7.3 Physical properties, 274
10.7.4 Effect of pith on paper production, 275
10.8 Alternate uses of bagasse pulp, 276 References, 277 11 Sugarcane-derived animal feed, 281 Mark D. Harrison
11.1 Introduction, 281
11.1.1 The anatomy of the sugarcane plant, 282
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