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Introduction
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PART I: INTRODUCING MICROSOFT VISUAL C# AND MICROSOFT VISUAL STUDIO 2015
Chapter 1: Welcome to C# 3 Beginning programming with the Visual Studio 2015 environment 3 Writing your first program 8 Using namespaces 14 Creating a graphical application 17 Examining the Universal Windows Platform app 26 Adding code to the graphical application 29 Summary 32 Quick Reference 32
Chapter 2: Working with variables, operators, and expressions 33 Understanding statements 33 Using identifiers 34 Identifying keywords 34 Using variables 36 Naming variables 36 Declaring variables 37 Working with primitive data types 37 Unassigned local variables 38 Displaying primitive data type values 38 Using arithmetic operators 45 Operators and types 45 Examining arithmetic operators 47 Controlling precedence 52 Using associativity to evaluate expressions 53 Associativity and the assignment operator 53 Incrementing and decrementing variables 54 Prefix and postfix 55 Declaring implicitly typed local variables 56 Summary 57 Quick Reference 58
Chapter 3: Writing methods and applying scope 59 Creating methods 59 Declaring a method 60 Returning data from a method 61 Using expression-bodied methods 62 Calling methods 63 Applying scope 66 Defining local scope 66 Defining class scope 67 Overloading methods 68 Writing methods 68 Using optional parameters and named arguments 77 Defining optional parameters 79 Passing named arguments 79 Resolving ambiguities with optional parameters and named arguments 80 Summary 85 Quick reference 86
Chapter 4: Using decision statements 87 Declaring Boolean variables 87 Using Boolean operators 88 Understanding equality and relational operators 88 Understanding conditional logical operators 89 Short circuiting 90 Summarizing operator precedence and associativity 90 Using if statements to make decisions 91 Understanding if statement syntax 91 Using blocks to group statements 93 Cascading if statements 94 Using switch statements 99 Understanding switch statement syntax 100 Following the switch statement rules 101 Summary 104 Quick reference 105
Chapter 5: Using compound assignment and iteration statements 107 Using compound assignment operators 107 Writing while statements 108 Writing for statements 114 Understanding for statement scope 115 Writing do statements 116 Summary 125 Quick reference 125
Chapter 6: Managing errors and exceptions 127 Coping with errors 127 Trying code and catching exceptions 128 Unhandled exceptions 129 Using multiple catch handlers 130 Catching multiple exceptions 131 Propagating exceptions 136 Using checked and unchecked integer arithmetic 138 Writing checked statements 139 Writing checked expressions 140 Throwing exceptions 143 Using a finally block 148 Summary 149 Quick reference 150

PART II: UNDERSTANDING THE C# OBJECT MODEL
Chapter 7: Creating and managing classes and objects 153 Understanding classification 153 The purpose of encapsulation 154 Defining and using a class 154 Controlling accessibility 156 Working with constructors 157 Overloading constructors 158 Understanding static methods and data 167 Creating a shared field 168 Creating a static field by using the const keyword 169 Understanding static classes 169 Static using statements 170 Anonymous classes 172 Summary 174 Quick reference 174
Chapter 8: Understanding values and references 177 Copying value type variables and classes 177 Understanding null values and nullable types 183 Using nullable types 185 Understanding the properties of nullable types 186 Using ref and out parameters 187 Creating ref parameters 188 Creating out parameters 188 How computer memory is organized 190 Using the stack and the heap 192 The System. Object class 193 Boxing 194 Unboxing 194 Casting data safely 196 The is operator 196 The as operator 197 Summary 199 Quick reference 199
Chapter 9: Creating value types with enumerations and structures 201 Working with enumerations 201 Declaring an enumeration 202 Using an enumeration 202 Choosing enumeration literal values 203 Choosing an enumeration''s underlying type 204 Working with structures 206 Declaring a structure 208 Understanding differences between structures and classes 209 Declaring structure variables 210 Understanding structure initialization 211 Copying structure variables 215 Summary 219 Quick reference 219
Chapter 10: Using arrays 221 Declaring and creating an array 221 Declaring array variables 221 Creating an array instance 222 Populating and using an array 223 Creating an implicitly typed array 224 Accessing an individual array element 225 Iterating through an array 225 Passing arrays as parameters and return values for a method 227 Copying arrays 228 Using multidimensional arrays 230 Creating jagged arrays 231 Summary 241 Quick reference 242
Chapter 11: Understanding parameter arrays 243 Overloading--a recap 243 Using array arguments 244 Declaring a params array 245 Using params object[ ] 247 Using a params array 249 Comparing parameter arrays and optional parameters 252 Summary 254 Quick reference 254
Chapter 12: Working with inheritance 255 What is inheritance? 255 Using inheritance &nbs